Thus an FBR not only consumes 239Pu but also breeds more 239Pu than it consumes.īut FBR technology is very complex and only advanced countries like USA, UK, France, Japan and USSR have mastered this technology. 238U undergoes transmutation to produce fresh 239Pu. Uranium and Plutonium are chemically separated and recycled, while the other radioactive fission products were separated and sorted according to their half lives and radioactivity and stored with minimal environmental impact.Ģ39Pu extracted from the spent fuel serves as the fuel for the Fast Breeder Reactors (FBRs) - part of the second stage of the nuclear program.įBR fuel is so designed that a blanket of 238U surrounds fuel core. These technologies were developed with total indigenous efforts. Reprocessing of the spent fuel from PHWRs and waste management are important components of the three stage nuclear program. PHWRs use domestic natural uranium (UO 2) containing 0.7 % fissile 235U and 99.3% 238U as fuel and Heavy water as moderator and primary coolant. Indigenously built Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) form the backbone of the first stage Indian nuclear power program. To exploit Thorium, our planners have envisaged the Three Stage Nuclear Power Program. India has limited domestic uranium resources while we have abundant Thorium. Nuclear power, being a non-intermittent and concentrated source of power with negligible carbon footprint, is an essential component of the Indian power-mix to meet the International environmental commitments of India. While renewable sources of energy are environment friendly, they are intermittent sources of power.

Renewables, hydro and nuclear contribute 95,875 MW (25%), 51,220 MW Thermal power generation from all sourcesĬontributes 234,048 MW, which is 60% of the total installed power while Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre(VECC), etc., which carry out pioneering.Ītomic Energy has a key role in reducing the carbon intensity of the Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology (RRCAT), India will not have to look abroad for its experts but will find them ready at hand'.ĭr Bhabha emphasized on self-reliance in all the fields of nuclear science and engineering.īARC is the mother of R&D institutions such as Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), In Bhabha’s own words ' When Nuclear Energy has been successfully applied for power production in, say a couple of decades from now, Bhabha established the BARC Training School to cater to the manpower needs of the expanding atomic energy research and development program.

After the sad demise of Bhabha in 1966, AEET was renamed Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC).ĭr. To intensify the effort to exploit nuclear energy for the benefit of the nation,ĭr Bhabha established the Atomic Energy Establishment, Trombay (AEET) in January 1954 for multidisciplinary research program essentialįor the ambitious nuclear program of India. Dr Bhabha established the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR)įor carrying out nuclear science research in 1945. Homi Jehangir Bhabha conceived the Nuclear Program in India. Homi Jehangir Bhabha Father of Nuclear Program in Indiaĭr.

Applications of Radiation in Rural Developmentĭr.Desalination & Water Purification Technologies.Applications of Radiation in Food Irradiation.Applications of Radiation in Nuclear Agriculture.Applications of Radiation in Health Care.Radioactive Waste Management: Indian scenario.Environment Monitoring around Nuclear Reactors.Appellate Authority & Information Officers.Electronics Instrumentation & Computers.

Atomic reactivity definition